Handheld Digging Tools

Spade or Shovel

• The spade and shovel are very similar, except that the spade has a pointed head ideal for cleaving. The correct spade can be chosen based upon the work that needs to be done. Long, narrow spades are used for stony soils, while short, wide spades are used for lighter soils. Narrow spades are also useful in digging post holes and narrow drains. Stainless steel spades easily pass through the soil but can develop rust easily, potentially making them less effective. For spades and shovels, the longer the handle, the more leverage and force you can utilize.

Fork

• The fork has a profile similar to the spade. It is best for soil cultivation since its tines can easily push into the soil. It is very useful in loosening compacted soil around plants. It is not as suitable for digging, but it can be used in moving plants and for coarse materials such as hay. Stainless steel and carbon steel do not have any significant advantage over each other regarding usage, but carbon steel usually lasts longer.

Hand Trowel and Hoe

• A hand trowel is used for smaller digging jobs such as bedding plants into the soil. There are two types of hoes: a cutting hoe and a draw hoe. Draw hoes are made up of a blade that is right-angled to the shaft, which serves to cultivate the soil. The cutting hoe has its blade in line with the handle and it is moved with a sliding motion just below the soil surface for weeding, chopping off turf or removing clumps.

Garden Tiller

• A small garden tiller is used in aerating the soil, mixing in fertilizer and preparing plant beds. Most tillers are electric- or gas-powered, light-weight and easy to maneuver in the garden; however, typically they should only be used in previously-cultivated soil and not in new soil, as hard soil can damage some tiller units.