Low Voltage Lights Troubleshooting

The Controller

• Check the voltage output from the transformer. Typically a low voltage system uses a step down transformer of 10 to 1. This means that if the wall outlet has a voltage of 120 VAC the transformer will output 12 volts. The same holds true for an outlet of 110 VAC, the transformer will only have 11 volts at the lighting connections. Count the number of lights on the system and add the bulb wattage together. The transformer can only supply a set amount of power. If all the lights are dim, then there may be too many lights on the circuit. Install another controller or remove some of the lights.

The Fixtures

• Check all connections to the light fixtures, if one lamp constantly blows out a light. There may be a bad or shorted connection. Inspect the bulbs socket and the fixture for any leaks. Corrosion can build up quickly in a leaking fixture. Ensure that the bulbs are rated for the duty. Not all low voltage light bulbs may be rated for colder weather. Also check the output wattage. Most outdoor lighting systems are based on each lamp using the same amount of power. If one light bulb is rated higher or lower than the rest it maybe causing power problems.

The Wire

• Low voltage outdoor lighting uses a special wire. This wire has insulation that can handle temperature extremes and a high moisture content. Wire not rated for this type of system can develop breaks or cracks in the insulation. Check the amperage capacity of the wire. If lamps are dimmer at the end of the light installation, the wire may not be rated to carry all the power out to the last lamps. A heavier wire may be needed. The wiring configuration may be causing dimmer lights also, as a straight in line run of power may have too great of a resistance. In other words, you may have to rewire the lamps so all the power is distributed equally from a central point. An inline run is where each lamp is connected after the other. The last lamp, furthest away from the controller, will receive the least amount of power.