How to Build a Top Bar Hive From a Tree Log

Select a log that’s healthy and isn’t diseased, moldy or rotting since you need the basic integrity of the wood to be intact. You also need a log that’s relatively straight and level; bumps and knots aren’t a concern, but curves or bends will prevent the log from lying securely in the base. Hardwood logs are best since they’re naturally resistant to disease so choose a log from ash or oak versus pine or cedar.

Lay the log out on the ground or a work table and measure 2 inches inward from each end of the log. Mark each location with two sets of hash marks at each end -- each pair should be distanced an inch apart and perpendicular to the log’s length. This creates a guide for your power saw. Saw into each of the four lines you marked to a depth of about 2 inches.

Chisel out the wood in between the lines you cut to create divots. File down the insides of each divot with a wood file until the bottom and sides of the cutouts are relatively smooth. Roll the log onto its side then measure a straight mid line down the length of the log and saw it in half to create a top and a bottom for the hive. Chisel out the interior wood to a depth of 2 to 3 inches to create a chamber for the colony. There’s no reason to make it perfect; the bees will naturally make any renovations they need.

Lay the cap back over the log and screw in four brass hinges over the joint between the top and the bottom with galvanized screws. This gives you access to the honey once the bees begin to produce. Pick up the log and place it over a pair of sawhorses then thread the cutout sections over the wooden beams on the horses. These will slide right on and create more stability against strong winds.

Close the lid on the log and screw on a simple eye-screw latch to secure the top in place. With the lid closed, mark spots on the underside of the bottom, about an inch or so down from the latch. Drill a hole completely through each of these spots -- about a dozen holes should provide ample access for the bees.