Water Polymers for Plants

Polymers Explained

• Developed in the 1960s, water absorbing polymers have been used ever since to assist in the growth of plants in dry conditions or to make cultivation easier for gardeners who wish to water plants less. The small crystals absorb high volumes of water and become gel-like, retaining the water and allowing plants to absorb it as needed. Plants absorb water from the polymers through osmosis, meaning the water passes from a high concentration in the polymers to the low concentration of the plant roots.

Uses

• Water absorbing polymers are often added to the garden soil around plants in arid climates, allowing conservative usage of water to keep plants healthy. This helps plants grow in dry climates -- especially plants that normally grow in moist climates. These polymers also allow less frequent watering and more consistent root exposure to water in any garden. Water absorbing polymers added to potting soil help keep container plants hydrated; in some cases, plants are grown hydroponically by hydrating the polymers with a nutrient-rich solution and growing plants directly in the polymers.

Benefits

• Water absorbing polymers keep plants hydrated in a safe way, being completely mold- and mildew-resistant. They provide a consistent supply of water to roots of plants without creating a soggy, muddy environment, reducing risks of moisture-loving pests and some instances of root rot. As the polymers absorb liquids and expand, they take up space in the soil around them, adding more porosity and oxygen to soils. The effects of some types of polymers is long-lasting, with one application providing hydration benefits for up to seven years with consistent watering.

Considerations

• Water absorbing polymers are often not ideal for use in clay soils, as the soils are heavily compacted and make the polymers less efficient. Not all polymers are made of biodegradable materials, so check the label of the product you use if this is important to you. Man-made polymer products often retain water well but may be less efficient at getting plants as much water as they need in hot weather. Always read the label of your chosen product carefully and use as directed to avoid these types of problems.