Problems With Sump Pumps

Incorrect Sizing

• A sump pump that is too small may not be able to pump out all the water. Additionally, a too-small pump may run too long and too hot, thereby reducing the life of the pump. A pump that is too large will cycle on and off more than is required, which can also shorten the life span of the pump.

Installation Issues

• Installers must follow manufacturers' instructions. Most manufacturers require drilling a small air relief hole to prevent the sump pump from having to overcome air pressure in the discharge pipe. Installing a check valve on the discharge line will prevent the backflow of water. The pump should not be installed on a foundation made of dirt or gravel, as this and other debris may enter the pump causing the impeller to get stuck. If your pump stops running suddenly or is making a whining noise, check the impeller for debris, and consider installing the sump pump on a solid base. Many pumps require 10 and 15 amps when starting, which is near capacity for many electrical circuits. Installing a dedicated electrical circuit will prevent start-up problems.

Age and Maintenance

• Sump pumps may have problems due to age. How long a sump pump lasts will vary depending on how often the pump is used. According to State Farm, the U. S. Department of Housing and Development estimates the life expectancy of a sump pump to be 10 years. To avoid problems during the life span of the pump, expect to have certain parts replaced--the o-rings, impeller and switch--as they will wear out.

Surge Damage

• Parts of the sump pump can be vulnerable to damage due to lightning or power surges. To avoid this, protect the entire electrical system in your home with a whole-house surge protection device.

Float Switches

• One of the most common mechanical problems affecting sump pumps is the float switch, according to the Sump Pump Guide website. When water reaches a certain level, the float switch will automatically turn on the pump. When the water level is reduced, the pump will shut off. Knowing that inoperable float switches are a common problem, when purchasing a sump pump consider one with a float switch that can be can easily replaced.

Power Outages

• Electrical power outages occurring during a storm can render your electrically powered sump pump useless. If you live in an area prone to flooding and power outages, a back-up emergency battery or a water-powered type of sump pump should be considered. Water-powered sump pumps use city water pressure instead of electricity. Manually operated back-up generators are another option for powering the pump.