Measure the length of the ladder with a measuring tape when it is fully closed. This tells you how long the ladder will be when it's being carried by people or atop a work truck.
Lay the ladder on the ground and extend the ladder fully. Measure from the bottom of the side rails at the bottom of the ladder to the top of the side rail on the extension, or "fly." This tells you the absolute maximum height of the ladder.
Leave the ladder laying on the ground and measure from the bottom of the ladder to the rung marked as the highest safe standing level. This tells you the safe working height of the ladder.