# Identifying Tetraploid Orchids
-
What Are Tetraploid Orchids?
-
Tetrapooid orchids are those with double the normal the amount of chromosomes of an ordinary orchid, according to Central Ohio Orchid Society writer Ken Mettler. This type of orchid occurs only rarely in nature. Most are bred specifically for the double chromosome amount using chemical colchicines. Tetraploid orchids are referred to with a 4N designation, as opposed to 2N or 3N orchids. This number is often marked on the label or bottom of the plant container.
Chromosomal Analysis
-
The chromosomal makeup of each kind of orchid can only be seen and counted using sophisticated scientific equipment. The tetraploid orchid has 76 chromosomes, according to Big Leaf Orchids writer A. Dean Stock, PhD. If you wanted to count these for yourself, you would have to contact the biology department of a major university to use its lab facilities. However, some visual differences between tetraploids and other orchids allow a good guess at its chromosomal composition.
Leaves of Tetraploid Orchids
-
Those familiar with the structure of common types of orchid, such as the phaelanopsis, cymbidium and papheopedilum orchids, will detect the greater number of leaves on the stems of tetraploid plants. Leaves may also be larger than usual and stems are often more numerous. The plant is generally stouter and hardier than the common orchid.
Tetraploid Orchids
-
Tetraploid orchids have much larger flowers and more abundant blooms than 2N or 3N plants, with better color and greater vigor. Blooms often have noticeably wider segments than other orchids. This is likely the most obvious identifier of tetraploid plants and the reason why hybridized varieties have become so popular.
Growth Habit of Tetraploid Orchids
-
Tetraploid orchids tend to grow slower than 2N or 3N orchids. If the orchid plant grows quickly and is able to produce other orchids, it is probably a 2N. Orchids designated as 3N cannot reproduce. If your orchid is slow-growing but larger and stout than the average orchid variety, it is likely a tetraploid orchid. Tetraploid orchids are also more fertile than other orchids.
-
