Clean the countertop surface thoroughly. A mixture of water and ammonia or a good commercial surface cleaner can be used. Clean the entire surface, including the backsplash and the counter overhang. After the countertop is dry, lightly sand the surface with sandpaper. Clean the countertop again to remove any dust or residue. Apply a primer to the countertop. The primer adheres to the countertop to create a surface to which paint can be applied.
Choose either a water-based or oil-based paint for the countertop. Apply a water-based paint to countertops that will be used in the preparation of food. All other countertops can receive an oil-based paint. Textures and patterns can be created by combining different layers of paint in different colors using sponges, paper towels or newspaper. If creating a single-color countertop, allow the first coat of paint to dry before applying the next coat. Two to three coats of paint are sufficient.
After the countertops have been painted and the paint is dry, apply a water-based, non-yellowing polyurethane to seal the paint. Two to three thin coats are preferable to one thick coat. Use a soft-bristled paintbrush and apply the sealant in small sections, making sure not to leave any bubbles on the surface. Allow the first coat to dry before applying the next.
Wait at least 24 hours before placing items on the newly painted countertops. Painted countertops can be cleaned with soap and water or commercial cleaners. Avoid placing hot items directly on the countertop; this can scorch the polyurethane finish. Use a cooling rack or pot holder to protect the countertop's surface.