Sand the stool to remove existing varnish. Wipe the dust away with a tack cloth.
Use a putty knife to fill any holes and scratches with wood putty. Sand the putty until it is level with the surrounding surface.
Secure any loose pieces with wood glue. Wipe off excess glue with a damp rag.
Hammer down all nails so that they are just below the surrounding wood. Remove and replace rusted nails. Secure loose braces or legs with additional nails.
Apply a coat of paint. Wait 2 hours and apply a second coat. Allow the stool to dry overnight.
Use stencils, sponges, stamps or appliques to add designs over the base coat, if you wish.
Apply one or two coats of varnish to protect the paint and seal it.
Complete the painting process in Section 1. Remove all upholstery tacks or staples and the existing fabric.
Examine the condition of the cushion. Remove the cushion if it is flat, depressed, moldy or otherwise irreparable. Skip to Step 5 if the cushion is serviceable.
Measure the width and length of the stool's surface. Cut a block of upholstery foam to size using shears. Cut a piece of batting 3 inches longer and wider than the foam.
Glue the foam to the stool. Center the batting on top of the foam and glue it in place.
Measure the stool's length and width over the batting and foam. Cut a piece of material 5 inches longer and wider than this measurement.
Center the fabric on the stool and pull it taut. Staple the fabric to the wood on the edge of the stool. If the wood has a carved design, it may be necessary to staple the material to the upper 1/2 inch of this decorative section.
Trim the fabric so that there is 1/4 inch of material past the staples.
Glue trim over the raw edge of the material.
Hammer decorative tacks onto the cut end of the trim and around the border of the material to hide any signs of alteration.