Electrical Wiring for an HVAC System

Components

• An HVAC system's electrical wiring includes a number of key components. The power supplies for each device in the system are part of the HVAC's wiring and determine the total electrical requirements. These devices include electric furnaces, blower fans, combustion fans, air conditioning compressors and condensers, exhaust fans, and air handlers. Single pole, single throw switches, which control the flow of electricity, are also included. Finally, other types of switches, relays and insulated wires complete the HVAC wiring by connecting devices and providing control points for homeowners.

Diagrams

• Diagrams for HVAC wiring can take several forms. These types of diagrams are in line with those used for other types of electrical systems. They include flow charts, which show the hierarchy of power sources, switches and devices as they are wired in series or parallel. Ladder diagrams, which use a series of symbols to represent switches, relays and wires, are another option to aid in installation. In some cases the HVAC wiring can take the form of a written destitution without using visual aids.

Installation

• Installing the wiring for an HVAC system requires a detailed diagram or written plan. Wiring is installed along with the rest of the home's electrical system, which means you need a licensed electrician. Once the basic wiring is in place, homeowners or builders can install other elements such as junction boxes, control panels and HVAC appliances. Installing these devices during construction allows homeowners to hide wiring inside the walls or build cabinets around HVAC components for protection and easy access.

Safety

• HVAC systems draw large amounts of electricity when in use, which means that improper installation can result in a risk of electrical fires, shocks and short circuits. Some states have specific building codes that govern HVAC systems, including their wiring. Electrical codes also apply to HVAC wiring and require electricians and builders to use wires and devices that are compliant and safe.